Mosque
Massacre Deepens Occupation’s Crisis
By Bill Van Auken
29 March 2006
World
Socialist Web
The
massacre of as many as 40 unarmed worshipers in a northeast Baghdad
mosque Sunday has triggered a political crisis that threatens to accelerate
Iraq’s descent into civil war while sharply intensifying the hatred
of millions of Iraqis for the three-year-old US occupation of their
country.
Reuters news agency Monday
cited Iraq’s security minister accusing “US and Iraqi forces
of killing 37 unarmed civilians in the mosque after tying them up.”
Other police sources said that the victims numbered around 20.
While US military sources
and Iraqi eyewitnesses have given conflicting versions of the bloodbath,
it is undisputed that killings were carried out early Sunday evening
by a combined force of US special forces and US-trained Iraqi commandos.
The mosque where the massacre
unfolded is in a neighborhood that is a stronghold of the Mehdi Army,
the militia loyal to the radical nationalist Shiite cleric Muqtada al
Sadr. While those killed apparently included some of his followers,
others were apparently members of Dawa, which is the party of Iraqi
Prime Minister Ibrahim al-Jaafari, and other Shiite parties.
The evidence supporting the
claims that what took place was a massacre organized and executed by
the US occupation authorities is overwhelming. Video footage broadcast
over Iraqi television and photographs shot at the scene clearly depict
unarmed bodies, many of them elderly men, heaped on the carpeted floor
of a prayer room in the Mustafa mosque.
As outrage over the incident
erupted in Iraq, Washington sought to distance itself from the killings.
The shifting US account of the incident suggested a crude attempt at
cover-up. Initially, Centcom, the US regional military command, reported
that 16 “insurgents” had been killed in a raid conducted
by US and Iraqi troops in Adhamiyah, a former Baathist stronghold, where
Saddam Hussein was seen surrounded by a cheering crowd after the US
invasion had begun.
As it became indisputable
that the action had been carried out not against Sunni insurgents in
Adhamiyah, but rather a mosque in a nearby Shiite neighborhood, US authorities
backpedaled on the role played by the American military. “This
was an Iraqi planned and led operation and US forces were only in an
advisory capacity,” a State Department spokesman declared Monday.
The corpses, however, were
surrounded by shell casings from 5.56mm bullets, the ammunition issued
exclusively to US troops in Iraq. Parts of the mosque had been damaged
by fire, substantiating witness accounts that the building had been
struck by rockets fired from US warplanes.
Witnesses also reported that
before the shooting, helicopters were seen hovering over the neighborhood,
while armored Humvees sealed off surrounding streets.
At least one witness told
Iraqi state television that the victims had gathered in the mosque to
hold a funeral service for a man killed in an earlier attack.
According to some accounts,
the killings in the mosque took place amid a firefight between the US-led
commando force and members of the Mehdi Army militia.
The blistering reaction from
the Iraqi government as well as the state-run media, characterized by
an unprecedented level of hostility to the US occupation, reflected
both the seriousness of the incident and the sharply deteriorating relations
between Washington and the Iraqi Shiite parties that dominate the US-installed
government.
The United Iraqi Alliance
(UIA), the Shiite bloc that holds the largest number of seats in the
Iraqi parliament, issued a statement blasting the raid as a “crime.”
“US forces and Iraqi
special forces committed a heinous crime by attacking the Mustafa mosque
in the neighborhood of Ur,” said the statement, read to the media
by Jawad Maliki, the deputy leader of Prime Minister Jaafari’s
Dawa Party. “It is a serious crime with grave political and security
implications which aims to provoke civil war in the country,”
Maliki said.
“Killing a large number
of followers of the Prophet’s house (Shiites) after having bound
and tortured them is unjustifiable. It is an attack on the dignity of
the Iraqis and destroys the credibility of slogans of liberty and democratic
and pluralism brandished by the US administration,” the statement
continued.
The UIA demanded an immediate
investigation into the massacre and called for the US occupation to
turn over control of all security operations to the Iraqi government.
Iraqi officials said that they had no prior notification of the planned
raid on the mosque.
Finally, the statement declared:
“The government must also find out the truth about these special
units in the Iraqi army that function outside the control of the government
and perpetrate massacres with support from the US army,” the statement
added. “The existence of these forces, if it is confirmed, is
another element contributing to civil war.”
The units, which include
the Wolf Brigade and other paramilitary outfits, were trained by US
personnel, including veterans of Washington’s dirty wars in Central
America, where death squads formed a key weapon in the attempt to suppress
insurgencies against US-backed dictatorships.
Iraq’s interior minister,
Bayan Jabr Solagh, said Monday that the killings were “unjustified.”
In an interview with the Dubai-based Al-Arabiya television, he stated,
“It was an unjustified aggression against the faithful at prayer
in a mosque.”
Solagh added, “The
operation was not under the control of the police but by the army, and
the police were not authorized to enter the area.”
In a statement read over
Iraqi television, Prime Minister Jaafari also seemed to suggest that
the massacre was part of a conspiracy aimed at pushing the country deeper
into civil war.
“We call upon the sons
of our people to be aware of what is being plotted against the country,”
he said. “We hope that they will have patience until the conclusion
of the ongoing, immediate investigations.”
The charge was echoed by
a leading Sunni politician. Saleh Mutlak, of the Iraqi Front for National
Dialogue, was quoted in the Los Angeles Times as saying, “We are
trying to dissolve the militias and stop the bloodshed. This act by
American troops will pull us into civil war.”
The raid was seen by many
as an implementation by means of naked force of the demand by US Ambassador
Zalmay Khalilzad that the government move to disband militias linked
to political parties. In particular, Washington has shown concern over
al-Sadr’s Mehdi Army, which twice clashed with US forces in several
cities in 2004.
On the same day as the raid
in Baghdad, a motar shell landed near al-Sadr’s home in Najaf,
inflicting several casualties and narrowly missing the Shiite cleric.
He responded by calling upon his followers to “exercise self-restraint
and to remain calm, so as to foil the plots of the occupation authorities
to provoke armed conflict, and rather to practice political resistance
in order to expel the foreigners from Iraq.”
The mosque massacre was only
one element of the carnage that continued to spread throughout Iraq.
On Sunday night, villagers
northeast of Baghdad reported finding some 30 corpses, most of them
beheaded, dumped on the main road. The bodies of 12 other men who had
apparently been tortured and garroted were discovered in Baghdad Monday
at a site used for selling used cars.
Also on Monday, 40 people
were killed and another 20 wounded when a suicide bomber blew himself
up amid a crowd of men waiting to apply to join the Iraqi army at a
recruitment center near the town of Tal Afar.
Scores of bodies are now
being found every day in Iraq, with such gruesome discoveries becoming
so routine that they barely merit a mention in the local press.
While the Bush administration
continues its efforts to promote the US war in Iraq as a struggle for
democracy, the reality for the Iraqi people is an unending and hellish
nightmare. The death toll since the invasion three years ago now undoubtedly
numbers in the hundreds of thousands, with no accurate record being
kept of the daily fatalities resulting from US raids, air strikes, terrorist
bombings and death squad killings.
The killings of innocents
carried out by US troops, increasingly operating jointly with US-trained
Iraqi units, have clearly escalated as the resistance and the political
crisis in Iraq have both intensified. Such incidents are barely reported
by the US media, and virtually only when they have been documented by
videotaped evidence.
The mounting charges by disparate
Iraqi political parties that Washington is deliberately orchestrating
a civil war as a means of decimating organized resistance to the occupation
and thereby pursuing its aims of US domination over the country’s
oil wealth are well founded.
The increasingly desperate
US strategy appears to be that of manipulating tensions between Sunnis
and Shiites and utilizing sectarian-based violence as a weapon, while
attempting to regulate and control it so that it serves US interests.
This vicious strategy found
vocal support from one of the media’s most consistent and loathsome
cheerleaders for the Iraq war, Washington Post columnist Charles Krauthammer.
In a column published Friday under the headline “Of course it’s
a civil war,” Krauthammer took to task some of his fellow right-wingers,
such as William F. Buckley, who have reacted to the growing sectarian
violence by declaring a US defeat in Iraq.
He mocks such “waverers”
for being “shocked, shocked to find Iraqis going after Iraqis.”
The Post columnist continues:
“But is it not US counterinsurgency
strategy to get Iraqis who believe in the new Iraq to fight Iraqis who
want to restore Baathism or impose Taliban-like rule? Does not everyone
who wishes the US well support the strategy of standing up the Iraqis
so we can stand down? And does that not mean getting the Iraqis to fight
the civil war themselves.”
He urges his readers to put
the mass murder taking place in Iraq “in perspective ... it does
have the effect of concentrating Sunni minds on the price of their continuing
support for the random, large-scale and heretofore unanswered slaughter
of Shias that they either actively or passively support.”
Nothing could more clearly
express the abject criminality of Washington’s project of creating
a “new Iraq”—a subjugated US semi-colony—by
bleeding the country white.